Angelica Kauffman's extraordinary journey through art and culture began in Chur, Switzerland. Born into a family of modest means, she exhibited exceptional talent from an early age. The Kauffmanns relocated several times, first to Morbegno in 1742, then to Como, Lombardy, under Austrian rule, in 1752. In 1757, Angelica joined her father in Schwarzenberg, Vorarlberg, where he worked as a muralist for the local bishop. Her father, Joseph Johann Kauffmann, was a skilled artist who frequently traveled for his commissions. Under his guidance, Angelica honed her artistic skills while also becoming proficient in four languages – German, Italian, French, and English, thanks to her mother, Cleophea Lutz.
Her talents extended beyond the canvas; Angelica was a gifted singer and musician. However, she had to choose between pursuing a career in opera or art. Following the advice of a Catholic priest, she opted for art over opera, deeming the latter a morally questionable environment.
By the age of twelve, she had already gained recognition as a painter, capturing the likenesses of bishops and nobles. Tragedy struck in 1754 when her mother passed away, prompting her father to relocate to Milan. This move was followed by numerous extensive visits to Italy, where she eventually joined the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze in 1762.
In June 1762, Angelica and her family settled in Florence, where she was exposed to the emerging Neoclassical painting style. Her artistic journey continued in Rome in 1763 when she was introduced to the British expatriate community. There, she further developed her proficiency in English while continuing to create remarkable portraits. A few months later, the family moved to Naples, where Angelica studied the works of the Old Masters. In 1763, she exhibited her first painting in London.
Subsequently, Angelica embarked on a grand tour of Italy, visiting Rome, Bologna, and Venice. Throughout her travels, she gained recognition for her artistry, versatility in languages, and musical talents. In 1765, her work was featured in an exhibition by the Free Society of Artists in England, marking her arrival on the English art scene. Angelica Kauffman went on to establish herself as a leading artist in England, leaving an indelible mark on the world of art.
